This is a completely new (2024) revision of the genus agave and a very important step forward. In 2014 five new genera were split off the genus Aloe: Aloiampelos, Aloidendron, Aristaloe, Gonialoe, and Kumara. This was the result of molecular studies that shed new light on the evolutionary origin of what we call aloes.

Now in 2024 agaves have undergone a similar process. A team of Mexican botanists published an article titled “New Genera and New Combinations in Agavaceae” in which they propose three new additional genera based
on genetics, morphology, and the estimated time they diverged from the common ancestor of all agaves.

In the past it was proposed proposed to include Manfreda, Polianthes, and Prochnyanthes within Agave, a classification which resulted in a huge and very diverse genus . The current proposal segregating three new genera Echinoagave, Paleoagave, and Paraagave hopefully provides a more accurate classification based on more natural or monophyletic groups as supported by recent studies. It also allows Manfreda, Polianthes, and Prochnyanthes to be separate from the monophyletic Agave sensu stricto.

NEW GENERA

ECHINOAGAVE


1. ECHINOAGAVE ALBOPILOSA (Cabral, Villarreal, & Estrada) Vázquez, Rosales, & GarcíaMor., comb. nov. Agave albopilosa Cabral, Villarreal, & Estrada, Acta Bot. Mex. 80: 52.
2007. TYPE: MEXICO. Nuevo Leo´n. Cabral 1612 (holotype: MEXU; isotypes: ANSM,
CFNL, CIIDIR, ENCB, UNL).


2. ECHINOAGAVE CRYPTICA (Starr & Davis) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor., comb. nov.
Agave cryptica Starr & Davis, Cact. Succ. J. 93: 275. 2021. TYPE: MEXICO. Nuevo León.
Starr 2021-006 (holotype: ARIZ; isotype: MEXU).


3. ECHINOAGAVE CREMNOPHILA (Starr, Etter, & Kristen) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor.,
comb. nov. Agave cremnophila Starr, Etter, & Kristen, Cact. Succ. J. 90: 40, 2018. TYPE:
MEXICO. Oaxaca. Starr 2017-013 (holotype: ARIZ; isotypes: MEXU, MO).


4. ECHINOAGAVE DASYLIRIOIDES (Jacobi & Bouché) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor.,
comb. nov. Agave dasylirioides Jacobi & Bouché, Hamburg. Gart.- & Blumenzeit. 21: 344.
1865. NEOTYPE (designated by Thiede 2014): GERMANY. Ex-cult. BG Berlin, “v. Jacoby /
h. Berol Jan 1863”, anonymous s.n. (neotype: B 101068481).


5. ECHINOAGAVE GRACIELAE (Galván & Zamudio) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor., comb.
nov. Agave gracielae Galván & Zamudio, Acta Bot. Mex. 105: 2. 2013. TYPE: MEXICO.
Querétaro. E. González 569 (holotype: IEB; isotypes: ENCB, MEXU, XAL).


6. ECHINOAGAVE KAVANDIVI (García-Mend. & Chávez) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor.,
comb. nov. Agave kavandivi García-Mend. & Chávez-Rendón, Rev. Mex. Biodiv. 84: 1071.
2013. TYPE: MEXICO. Oaxaca. A. García-Mendoza et al. 10184 (holotype: MEXU;
isotypes: ENCB, MO, OAX).

7. ECHINOAGAVE LEXII (García-Mor., García-Jim., & Iamonico) Vázquez, Rosales, & GarcíaMor., comb. nov. Agave lexii García-Mor., García-Jiménez, & Iamonico, Novon 27: 201.
2019. TYPE: MEXICO. Tamaulipas. L. García 5580 (holotype: ITCV; isotypes: ANSM,
CIIDIR, GBH, HFLA).
8. ECHINOAGAVE PETROPHILA (García-Mend. & Martínez) Vázquez, Rosales, & GarcíaMor., comb. nov. Agave petrophila García-Mendoza & Martínez, Sida 18: 627. 1998.
TYPE: MEXICO. Guerrero. Martínez & al. 2639 (holotype: MEXU; isotypes: BRIT,
ENCB, K, MO).
9.
ECHINOAGAVE RZEDOWSKIANA (Carrillo, Vega, & Delgad.) Vázquez, Rosales, & GarcíaMor., comb. nov. Agave rzedowskiana Carrillo, Vega, & Delgad., Brittonia 55: 240. 2003.
TYPE: MEXICO. Jalisco. Carrillo-Reyes & Cabrera 1503 (holotype: IBUG; isotypes:
GUADA, MEXU, NY).
10. ECHINOAGAVE STRIATA (Zucc.) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor., comb. nov. Agave
striata Zuccarini, Flora 15: 2(Beiblatt 2): 98. 1832. NEOTYPE (designated by Gentry 1982):
U.K. Ex-cult. RBG Kew, from Real del Monte [Hidalgo], 15 Dec 1880, Anonymous s.n.
(neotype: K294235).


11. ECHINOAGAVE STRICTA (Salm-Dyck) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor., comb. nov.
Agave stricta Salm-Dyck, Bonplandia 7: 94. 1859. NEOTYPE (designated by Gentry 1982):
MEXICO. Puebla. 4-10 miles southwest of Tehuacán, along road to Zapotitlán, Aug
1953[1963], H.S. Gentry & al. 20226 (neotype: US00163595; isoneotypes: MEXU
[00376351 + 00129982]).


12. ECHINOAGAVE TENUIFOLIA (Zamudio & Sánchez) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor.,
comb. nov. Agave tenuifolia Zamudio & Sánchez, Acta Bot. Mex. 37: 48. 1995. TYPE:
MEXICO. Quere´taro. Carranza 1905 (holotype: IEB; isotypes: MEXU, TEX).

PALEOAGAVE


PALEOAGAVE BRACTEOSA (S. Wats. ex Engelm.) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor.,
comb. nov. Agave bracteosa S. Wats. ex Engelm., Gard. Chron., ser. nov. 18: 776. 1882.
LECTOTYPE (designated by Ulrich 1990): Gard. Chron. 2:18, 776, fig 138, 139. 1882.

PARAAGAVE


PARAAGAVE ELLEMEETIANA (K. Koch) Vázquez, Rosales, & García-Mor., comb. nov.
Agave ellemeetiana K. Koch, Wochenschr. Vereines Befo¨rd. Gartenbaues Ko¨nigl. Preuss.
Staaten 8: 103 [1 Apr]. 1865. NEOTYPE (designated by Gentry 1982): U.K. Ex-cult. Hort
Kew, 10 Mar 1877, Anonymous s.n. (K 524804; isoneotypes: K 524801, 524802, 524803).

New genera in Agavaceae original paper